The concept of kinetic analysis, its objectives, types and methods
The meaning of kinetic analysis, its methods and types
Kinetic analysis in the sports field means the study and interpretation of the phenomenon or motor skill after dividing it into its components parts for the purpose of identifying the effect of mechanical and anatomical variables on its motor performance.
The segmentation of movement is not a goal, but rather one of the means used in this field in order to reach a comprehensive awareness of the movement phenomenon as a whole. The kinetic analysis can be a kinematic analysis, when the movement is analyzed according to the kinematic variables and factors represented by distance, displacement, time, speed and acceleration, and the movement has been analyzed according to the kinetic foundations and variables represented by force, time, energy and capacity ... etc.
There are two methods in the biomechanical analysis of sports movement, and each of them has its limits, methods and means used in the interpretation and knowledge of the dimensions of movement.
The two methods can be explained as follows:
Quantitative method: This method is focused in the analysis of the mathematical movement on the numerical standard description. The kinetic performance is transformed into values and numbers that express meanings that have scientific implications for biomechanical interpretations. In this quantitative method, various parts, including simple and complex, are used to measure and determine performance into values, numbers, and quantities for the kinetic state. It is a high cost and economical method that requires backgrounds, levels and long experience. The physical education teacher and the sports coach need to know the results of this type, but not in full detail
Qualitative method: It is determined by studying the movement in general and without entering into the fine numerical details. This does not mean at all that it is an easy method to apply, but rather that the many scientific assumptions basically require this type of methods in the scientific research movement to study the movement. The qualitative method represents a tool for both the teacher and the sports coach to understand the scientific situations in performance and sports training, in which the kinetic analysis is based on mere observation and then return the performance details from memory when explaining and correcting errors.
In order to clarify the two applied methods, we must take a scientific example related to the kinetic performance of a skill, for example, the skill or effectiveness of the triple jump in athletics. When judging the jumper's movement that his performance for the event was good, this means a qualitative judgment because we determined the quality of performance as an estimate and without using numbers.
But when we say that he jumped a distance of (12 metres), such a ruling is a quantitative one. Regardless of the method, whether quantitative or qualitative, it consists in identifying, studying and analyzing the movement in order to develop treatments or answers to the required inquiries. In order to analyze movement scientifically, a set of specific questions about movement must be developed based on the conditions for kinetic analysis.
The questions may be general questions or specific and private questions.
Among the general questions proposed in this area are the following:
1. Is the force used sufficient?
2. Is the range of motion appropriate?
3. Is the sequence of movement sections commensurate with the implementation requirements of the movement?
4. Why does the athlete not achieve a good horizontal or vertical range in his body throw or athletic performance? or you may be
The specific and specific questions proposed are as follows:
1. Is there a significant additional pulling force that occurs during the stress phase of a racewalker?
2. Is there a specific occasion for the situation at the moment of shooting for basketball or handball?
3. Do you throw the tool with the right force, speed and perfect angle? It is possible to follow the following steps when analyzing any kinetic problem mechanically in order to get the correct answer, the most important of which are the following:
1. Read the problem and review it several times to understand it before starting to solve it.
2. The obtained information is written in a list with the use of the symbol to represent the physical and mechanical quantities.
3. Write what is needed in the form of a list
4. We draw a diagram representing the problem with reference to the known quantities that need to be diagnosed
5. Defining and writing down the information and laws that we include in the solution.
6. We define the unknown variables in the equations and laws in paragraph (5).
7. If you find it difficult to find or determine the equation for the problem directly, derivational equations can be used with careful analysis, conclusion and reflection.
8. After you have determined the required equation or equations or laws, use the symbol to express the variables within both sides of the equation or equal.
9. Rearranging the numerical equivalence so that the unknown variable is on one side while isolating the known variables on the other side and collecting them in one quantity
10. Make sure of the derived answer after examining it and matching it with the information originally required to find it.
11. Correctly set the measurement unit for the resulting values.
Steps and rules in kinetic analysis
When we know that movement falls into one of the divisions mentioned above, and we know the main purpose of movement, we can now analyze the movement mechanically and anatomically.
The work in applied kinetic analysis depends mainly on the development of prior planning in order for the work to be more scientific and organized. We can suggest here a model of this type for the motor analysis of the skills to be studied.
This model is sequenced according to the following steps:
1. We must specify the name of the motor skill to be analyzed and to which category it belongs to the categories approved in the motor skills division above. If the skill, for example, headbutting a soccer ball, scoring peacefully with a basketball, punching in a plane, Fosbury jump or long jump, then the name of the skill is proven accurately.
2. Determining the goal or objectives of the biomechanical analysis and the motor skill to be studied. The primary objective must be identified for the biomechanical analysis of motor skill. If the skill to be studied and analyzed is a form of throwing or pressing, the movement must be determined, for example. That is, the following question should be put (what is the main goal of the movement?) Is it to achieve the maximum distance or the best performance as a primary goal, or the skill may be in the form of running or swimming, so the question is (Is the purpose of the movement a short, medium or long distance race to achieve maximum speed )
3. Determining the research method and measurement devices that will be used in the skill analysis. If the research is survey or experimental, its quality must be determined first, and then we choose the device that can be used. If the purpose of the research is to measure the range of joint movement, the devices mentioned in the second chapter and the (junimeter) device can be used as one of the devices used in this field, for example. And if the movement to be analyzed is very fast and aims through the analysis to know the kinetic path of the center of the body’s gravity, the issue of using high-speed cameras becomes necessary in measuring the variables to be measured for the skill under study.
4. Determining the variables, laws, foundations and factors affecting the motor performance of the motor skill for the purpose of knowing the interlinkages between them and determining their ideal path to serve the motor duty
5. Using statistical means and algebraic laws to determine the extent of the relationship between actual performance and the ideal performance required for the skill
6. Conclusion of the results that have been reached through the above-mentioned steps, with the development of appropriate recommendations based on the results of the research.
Objectives or purposes of kinetic analysis
The biomechanical analysis of motor skills includes dividing the movement to be studied into its interconnected sections and components, deciding the nature of each part or section of movement, and explaining the interrelated relationships of motor performance according to the foundations, laws, and mechanical and anatomical variables that control the ideal performance of movement. The kinetic analysis gives accurate answers to the following questions:
1. What are the joints and bones involved in performing the motor duty?
2. What and what kind of movements do these joints perform during motor performance?
3. Do the joints involved in the motor duty move for wide or short ranges of motion?
4. What are the muscles involved in the motor work?
5. What is the nature of muscle contraction involved in motor performance?
6. What kind and levels of intensity do the muscles involved give?
7. What are the laws, variables, and ideal mechanical and economic foundations for performance?
8. What are the kinetic bases related to avoiding injuries?
The success of kinetic analysis in identifying strengths and weaknesses in kinetic performance depends largely on defining the objectives of kinetic analysis of the skill to be studied. Kinetic.